What is hantavirus, where did it come out, symptoms of hanta virus?

The death of a person who has discovered hantavirus from mice in China has caused new outbreaks of concern in the country where the new type of corona virus (Covid-19) epidemic occurred. So, what is Hantavirus, where did it come out, what are the symptoms of hantavirus?

 

 

After the Corona Virus shock, another virus news came from China. According to the report of Global Times, which is known for its proximity to China and broadcasts in English; A person who returned from Yunnan to Shandong by bus died and the test showed that the Hanta Virus was positive. Other 32 passengers on the bus were also tested.

What is Hanta virus, where did it come out, symptoms of hanta virus ?

Hantavirus , an RNA virus from the Bunyaviridae family , gets its name from the Hantaan river in South Korea, where it was first isolated. Renal Syndrome (HFRS), which is associated with the hemorrhagic fever caused by the virus, is mostly seen in Asia and Europe, while the type that causes Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is mostly seen in the American continent. Nairovirus, which is the cause of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, which appeared in our country in the past years and is transmitted by ticks, is also from the family of bunyaviridae.

Symptoms of Hantavirus ...

Hantavirus infections are a viral disease in which vascular walls are damaged. As a result of increased vascular permeability and thrombocytopenia, it may progress with hemorrhagic (hemorrhagic) symptoms. It can lead to a fatal picture that can lead to hypertension, lung edema, kidney failure, and shock.

Early symptoms: It includes pain in large muscle groups such as fatigue, fever, hips, back, and shoulders. In addition, nonspecific symptoms such as headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sand, nausea may also be seen.

Late symptoms: 4-10 days after the onset of the disease, the picture of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome develops. Lung edema and, accordingly, late symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath appear.

Rarely, late symptoms such as ear pain and sore throat can be seen as a late picture.

Hantan virus infection!

Mice and some other rodents are carriers of hantavirus. They pose a serious danger to humans, especially in rural areas and cities. It is also quite common in the world.

 A chronic asymptomatic infection occurs in rodents. As a result of viremia, viruses are most intensely located in the spleen, kidney and lungs of the animal. Urine, feces and secretions of asymptomatic rodents carrying the virus can infect the environment and ambient air.

It is thought that the way of transmission of humans, especially infected infections of infected rodents, is through inhalation.

Virus transmission is very rare when the rodent bites human.

Hantavirus does not pass from person to person by contact.

· It is doubtful whether the virus is contaminated with the interests of the rodents, or because the virus is resistant to stomach acid.

Studies have shown that the virus is not transmitted by blood transfusion.

· Hantavirus is not transported by farm animals such as cows, chickens, or pets such as cats, dogs, but if these animals are in contact with rodents, they can mediate by carrying their interests.

Hantan virus incubation period

Incubation period:

Rodents and Mice are not affected by this virus, a chronic asymptomatic infection occurs, but they do not get sick. They are only carriers. They spread this virus around the stool or urinary tract for 1 to 12 months.

Although there is no exact information about the incubation period, the incubation period is 12 to 21 days. In exceptional cases, depending on the temperature and humidity, personal immune suppression may vary from 5 to 60 days.

Hantan virus treatment methods ...

There is no vaccine or specific treatment for Hantavirus infection. The vital functions of the patient should be supported.

If Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome has developed, in early period intubation and intensive care conditions, oxygen inhalation therapy should be supported by respiratory, and fluid replacement by fluid replacement.

Although Hantavirus Fever Renal Syndrome has developed, Hemodialysis can be life-saving. Some studies, although not yet proven, suggest that some antiviral drugs, such as Ribavirin, have an impact on reducing life-threatening.

Scientists continue developing vaccines against this virus.

Hantanvirus protection methods!

The primary strategy to prevent Hanta virus infection is the control of rodents around their settlements.

· Mosquito nets should be placed on the doors and windows, lids of garbage containers should be kept closed at all times.

· Manhole covers, the habitat of rodents, should be repaired.

· Unnecessary items that may be a habitat for rodents such as mice should not be stored in warehouses, and hygiene measures should be observed.

If there is a suspicion of contamination, you should first disinfect the part of your body that may come into contact with this virus and consult a doctor as soon as possible.

· If you are using the areas that you think the mouse is living in, it should be washed with detergent water taken from mixing (sweeping, tampering).

If you have to be in an area with carcasses of any mouse or rodent, the area must be disinfected with bleach without mixing with gloves and a mask.

Prepared by: Dr. Türkan Üstununal                        

Resources:

Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Notes.

Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Notes.

Hantavirus in the Americans, Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control: Technical Paper No. 47, PAHO, WHO

National Centers for Disease Control and Health Protection USA.gov ™ is the official web portal of the US government. 1800 F Street, NW, Washington, DC 20405 Atlanta / GA 300333, USA